K�znevek
Baba  2004.10.17. 18:00

a) Megsz�ml�lhat� fõnevek

Amint a nev�k is sugallja, õket meg lehet sz�molni (pl. a pen, twelve books stb.). �rdemes õket a megsz�ml�lhatatlen fõnevekkel egy�tt tanulni (l�sd: b) pont alant). �rdekess�g, hogy egyes megsz�ml�lhat� fõneveknek van egyes, illetve t�bbes sz�m� jelent�se is. N�zz�nk n�h�ny p�ld�t:

Singular                                                          Plural

They bought cheese with a lower                    You can find the list of contents on the fifth

fat content. (‘tartalom’)                                   page. (‘tartalomjegyz�k’)                                 

It was a custom among Victorian ladies          The customs officer asked him to open his bag.

to wear a corset. (‘szok�s’)                              (‘v�m’)

He broke a glass at the party. (‘poh�r’)            He bought a pair of dark glasses. (‘szem�veg’)

Have a look at the back of this book.   Daryl Hannah is unhappy with her looks.

                                   (‘tekintet, pillant�s’)                                                    (‘kin�zet’)

They lived on a very modest scale.                   The trouble with bathroom scales is that they lie.

                        (‘szer�ny m�rt�kben’)                                                              (‘m�rleg’)         

The sunset was a marvellous spectacle.            I was watching him from behind thick spectacles.

                        (‘l�tv�ny’)                                                                               (‘szem�veg’)

This is a step in the right direction.                 She sat down on the steps and waited.

                        (‘l�p�s’)                                                                                              (‘l�pcsõ’)

b) Megsz�ml�lhatatlan fõnevek

Kik is õk?

a) elvont fõnevek: anger, applause, behaviour, chaos, courage, fun, happiness, health, knowledge, luck, nonsense, safety, violence, wealth etc.

b) cselekv�sek: camping, cooking, dancing,  shopping, training, writing (ending in -ing) etc.

c) idõj�r�s szavai: lightning, rain, snow, sunshine, thunder, weather, wind etc.

d) folyad�kok, ‘porok’ �s ‘g�zok’ nevei: air, dirt, mud, sand, smoke, water etc.

e) �telek �s italok: food, fruit, milk, pasta, rice etc.

f) nyelvek: English, French etc.

g) anyagok: gold, oil, plastic, silver, wood etc.

h) betegs�gek: flu, measles (akkor is, ha ott a v�g�n az ‘s’) backache, earache, toothache (a kiv�telek pedig: a cold, a headache, a sore throat)

j) ‘egy�b’(ide tartoznak azok a tr�kk�s szavak, amelyek l�tsz�lag megsz�ml�lhat�ak, azt�n m�gsem): accommodation, advice, assistance, cash, equipment, evidence, help, information, money, music, news, permission, progress, research, traffic, transport, travel, stuff, work etc.

c) Megsz�ml�lhat�, vagy megsz�ml�lhatatlan?

Van olyan, hogy mindkettõ, f�ggõen a jelent�stõl. Az al�biakban a legjellemzõbbeket tal�lhatj�tok. Seg�ts�g�l z�r�jelben megadtuk a magyar jelent�st is.

Megsz�ml�lhat�                                                          Megsz�ml�lhatatlan

I’d like three coffees, please. (cs�sze k�v�)Have we got any coffee? (anyag)

Did he eat a whole turkey? (1 pulyka)           Would you like some turkey? (pulykah�s)

I’ve nearly broken a glass. (poh�r)                I’ve nearly broken a vase made of glass.

(�veg: anyag)

Would you like an ice? (1 fagyi)                   Ice is melting at the poles. (j�g)

I’ve bought an iron for them. (vasal�)           Is this bed made of iron? (vas)

A paper today said he was guilty.                    We haven’t got any paper in the office.

(�js�g)                                    (pap�r)

Look! There is a hair in the soup.                     Hair grows fast when one is young. (hajkorona)

                                   (hajsz�l)

The lights made the garden beautiful. Is anything faster than the speed of light? (f�ny)

                                               (l�mp�k, vil�g�t�s)

‘Have a good time tonight!’ ‘ We will,                 I wish I had more time to relax. (idõ)

we’ve been there several times.’ (alkalom)

Yesterday I had a funny experience with        They need someone who has experience 

my dog. (�lm�ny)                                              in teaching. (tapasztalat)

It’s a pity that you’ve lost your umbrella.         I feel pity for him. (sajn�lat)

                        (k�r)                                                                   

Harry has a small business in the city.              He loves doing business with foreigners.

                                   (c�g)                                       (�zletel)

He bought a painting and a drawing    Painting and drawing should be taught to

by Picasso the other day.(a work of art)          small children. (activity)

She’s visited a lot of countries. (orsz�gok)      She lives in beautiful country near London.

                                                                                                                                 (t�j, vid�k)